With Rspec you can mock objects or functions, for example like this:

expect(my_object).to receive(:my_function).and_return('hello world')

It's also easy to remove mocks for an object:

RSpec::Mocks.space.proxy_for(my_object).reset

We use the whenever gem to automatically update the crontab of the servers we deploy to. By default, whenever will update all servers with a matching role (we use the :cron role ).

This card describes how to install some tasks only for a given Rails environment or for a given Capistrano stage.

Installing jobs only for a given Rails environment

In yo...

When you call a method on an object, Ruby looks for the implementation of that method. It looks in the following places and uses the first implementation it finds:

1. Methods from the object's singleton class (an unnamed class that only exists for that object)
2. Methods from prepended modules (Ruby 2.0+ feature)
3. Methods from the object's class
4. Methods from included modules
5. Methods from the class hierarchy (superclass and its ancestors)

Example

Let's say we h...

Sass comes with many built-in functions to manipulate color. Some of the more interesting functions include:

adjust-hue($color, $degrees)
Changes the hue of a color.

lighten($color, $amount)
Makes a color lighter.

darken($color, $amount)
Makes a color darker.

saturate($color, $amount)
Makes a color more saturated.

desaturate($color, $amount)
Makes a color less saturated.

grayscale($color)
Converts a color to grayscale.

complement($color)
Returns the compleme...

This seems to be obvious, but you can expect Rake tasks to be called in RSpec.

it 'deletes all Users' do
   FactroyBot.create(:user)
   expect(Rake::Task['notify:critical_operation']).to receive(:invoke)
   
   expect { described_class.clean }.to change(User, :count).from(1).to(0) 
end

Note: Try to avoid logic in rake tasks and prefer to just call classes in them.

Example:

desc 'Some task'
task :some_task do
  SomeClass.new.run
end

Ruby comes with a class BigDecimal which you can use for arbitrary precision arithmetic. You should use BigDecimal instead of Float whenever you care about rounding errors, e.g. whenever you are dealing with money.

You should remember these two rules when working with BigDecimal values:

• When you add or multiply a BigDecimal with another BigDecimal, the ...

Using git fixup helps you to speed up appending changes further back in the git history of your feature branch.

Example:

git commit --fixup aabbcc # Create a commit with the message "fixup! Commit message of aabbcc"
git rebase -i --autosquash master

It would be nice if you could use this feature without the -i flag, but until now it seems not to be possible. Read more about our recommended git workflow for feature branches.

The problem

Calling bundle update GEMNAME will update a lot more gems than you think. E.g. when you do this:

bundle update cucumber-rails

... you might think this will only update cucumber-rails. But it actually updates cucumber-rails and all of its dependencies. This will explode in your face when one of these dependencies release a new version with breaking API changes. Which is all the time.

In the example above updating cucumber-rails will give you Capybara 2.0 (because capybara is a dependency of `cucumber-rail...

Ubuntu has a package mysql-sandbox that lets you install multiple MySQL versions into your user home:

1. Install mysql-sandbox

sudo apt install mysql-sandbox

2. Download the version of MySQL you want to use from mysql.com:
   https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=480427
   Make sure to choose "Generic Linux" instead of "Ubuntu" so you get a .tar.gz instead of .deb

3. cd into the directory the mysql binaries will be extracted to

mkdir -p ~/bin/sandbox_dist
cd ~/bin/sandbox_dist

4. Build the sandbox

make_sandbo...

Sometimes it's necessary for you to check which ports are in use on your local machine and which process is using it. To list this information you can use the following command (which is pretty easy to memorize for Germans 🌷):

sudo netstat -tulpn

• t: tcp
• u: udp
• l: listening ports
• p: process
• n: network

Use sudo to see the name of the process.

Finding open ports in the netstat output

You should look for rows with State: LISTEN.

Rows for local address 127.0.0.1 or :...

By default, browsers will not wrap text at syllable boundaries. Text is wrapped at word boundaries only.

This card explains some options to make browsers wrap inside a long word like "Donaudampfschifffahrt".

Option 1: Soft hyphens

Unicode has a soft hyphen character you can use to mark optional word division opportunities. The soft hyphen is an invisible character with zero width. Only when the browser decides to wrap at a soft hyphen, it is turned in...

Sometimes it is useful to define a named scope by implementing a static method with the scope's name on the scoped class. For instance, when a method should decide which existing scope should be the next link in the scope chain. Take this class for example:

class Meal < ActiveRecord::Base

  named_scope :for_date, lambda { |date| :conditions => { :date => date }}
  named_scope :with_meat, :conditions => { :meat => true }
  named_scope :without_meat, :conditions => { :meat => false }

  def self.suitable_for(user)
   ...