In newer passenger versions the output of passenger -v has changed. capistrano-passenger tries to parse the version and now causes the error undefined method '[]' for nil:NilClass. To fix this you only need to upgrade the capistrano-passenger gem.

Therefore run bundle update capistrano-passenger.

The version change of passenger from 6.0.7 to 6.0.8 has triggered this problem. This is fixed in capistrano-passenger >= 0.2.1.

When using virtual attributes, the attached trait can be useful to automatically copy errors from one attribute to another.

Here is a typical use case where Paperclip creates a virtual attribute :attachment, but there are validations on both :attachment and :attachment_file_name. If the form has a file picker on :attachment, you would like to highlight it with errors from any attribute:

class Note < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_attached_file :attachment
  validates_attachment_presenc...

Tod is a gem for working with daytimes.

Another additional gem?

Thus SQL has a time datatype for storing time of day in the format hh:mm:ss, neither Ruby nor Rails themselves offer an elegant way to deal with day times.

Time and DateTime both handle daytime values AND calendar date, using them to only store the time of day will end in inconsistent and thus confusing data, e. g. Time.new will initialize with the current Time in your Timezone, DateTime.new initializes at January 1, at an undefined year, without a timezone o...

You can change which branches will be pushed when saying git push. Our recommendation is to set it to current.

From the git-config documentation:

push.default
: ^
Defines the action git push should take if no refspec is given on the command line, no refspec is configured in the remote, and no refspec is implied by any of the options given on the command line. Possible values are:

• nothing - do not push anything.
• matching - push all matching branches. All bra...

Preparation

To attach files to your records, you will need a new database column representing the filename of the file. To do this, add a new migration (rails g migration <name>) with the following content:

class AddAttachmentToNotes < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0]
  def change
    add_column :notes, :attachment, :string
  end
end

Don't forget to rename the class and change the column details to fit your purpose. Run it.

1) Deliver attachments through Rails

-------------------------...

An association defined with has_many :through will return the same record multiple times if multiple join models for the same record exist. To prevent this, you need to add ->{ uniq } as second argument to has_many (below Rails 4 it is a simple option: has_many :xyz, :uniq => true).

Example

Say you have an Invoice with multiple Items. Each Item has a Product:

class Invoice < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :items
  has_many :products, :through => :items
end

class Item < ActiveRecord::Base
  b...

For our production servers we use Passenger as a Ruby application server. While it is possible to use Passenger for development as an Apache module, the installation process is not for the faint of heart.

Luckily Passenger also comes as a standalone binary which requires zero configuration.

You can Passenger Standalone as a replacement for Webrick or Thin if you'd like to:

• Use SSL certificates locally
• Get performance behavior that is closer to ...

I use the TypeScript compiler for this, since its output is more minimal than Babel's.

The following will transpile all src/*.js files into a file build.js:

npm install typescript
npx tsc src/*.js --target ES5 --allowJs --outFile build.js

The output will only transpile ES6 syntax. It will not include any polyfills for missing APIs.

New steps:

• When ... inside the ... iframe

New steps only available for Capybara 3+:

• When I switch to the ... iframe
• When I switch back to the whole page

The I switch back to the whole page step does not work reliably with Capybara 2 and lead to StaleReferenceErrors, therefore we decided to not make these steps available for Capybara 2.

Small improvements:

• Trying to match against unsupported email headers will raise an error. Supported headers are "To", "CC", "BCC", "From", "Reply-To", "Subject", "Attachments"
• It's ...

I really love to use the shortcuts CTRL+Alt+ Arrow Left and CTRL+Alt+ Arrow Right to navigate through the code. It worked great on Ubuntu 18.04 and MATE but after migrating to my new notebook with GNOME and Ubuntu 20.04, I realized that the shortcuts didn't work anymore. Well, it worked via Navigate > Back and also showed the shortcut, but my fingers weren't able to do this...

I cried a lot. (Why God? WHY?)

Then I found this [thread on StackOverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47808160/intellij-idea-ctrlaltleft-short...

When you have a hex color code, you can easily convert it into its RGB values using plain Ruby.

>> "#ff8000".match(/^#(..)(..)(..)$/).captures.map(&:hex)
=> [255, 128, 0]

You can use that to implement a simple "hex to CSS rgba value with given opacity" method:

def hex_color_to_rgba(hex, opacity)
  rgb = hex.match(/^#(..)(..)(..)$/).captures.map(&:hex)
  "rgba(#{rgb.join(", ")}, #{opacity})"
end

>> hex_color_to_rgba("#ff8000", 0.5)
=> "rgba(255, 128, 0, 0.5)"

If you need to support RGBA hex color codes,...