When you need to see the content of a page (i.e. not all the HTML but the relevant text body)

• you can do pp (html_content)
  • pp will format the html String human readable pretty printed
• where html_content can be replaced by one of the following commands:

Rails

body or response.body

Capybara:

• page.driver.html.content
• page.body

Webrat:

Nokogiri::HTML(response.body).content

The returned strings can be cleaned up by calling .gsub(/^\s*$/, '').squeeze("\n") on them.\
Although this may be useful for d...

You can usually just use the eq matched to compare two numbers:

expect(deal.total).to eq(120)

If the actual value is a BigDecimal, you might have issues when you match it against a Float:

expect(deal.total_price).to eq(1200.99)

In these cases, try matching it against another BigDecimal:

expect(deal.total_price).to eq BigDecimal(1200.99)

If you don't like the syntax, our rspec_candy gem has a matcher that will compare Fixnums (integers), Floats and `BigDecima...

You can use these step definitions:

Then /^I should not see an error$/ do
  (200 .. 399).should include(page.status_code)
end

Then /^I should see an error$/ do
  (400 .. 599).should include(page.status_code)
end

Note that you need to tag the scenario with @allow-rescue to test that an error is shown like this

@allow-rescue
Scenario: Accessing the admin area requires a login
  When I go to the admin area
  Then I should see an error

These step definitions will not work for @javascript scena...

When you eagerly load an association list using the .include option, and at the same time have a .where on an included table, two things happen:

1. Rails tries to load all involved records in a huge single query spanning multiple database tables.
2. The preloaded association list is filtered by the where condition, even though you only wanted to use the where condition to filter the containing model.

The second case's behavior is mostly unexpected, because pre-loaded associations usually don't care about the circumstances under whi...

RSpec 1, RSpec 2

To test whether two arrays have the same elements regardless of order, RSpec 1 and 2 give you the =~ matcher:

actual_array.should =~ expected_array

Rspec 3

With RSpec 3's expect syntax you can choose one of these two matchers:

expect(actual_array).to match_array(['1', '2', '3'])
expect(actual_array).to contain_exactly('1', '2', '3')

Note how match_array takes an argument, but contain_exactly takes a list of elements as varargs.

Test::Unit

If y...

Deadlocks only occur if two transactions in separate threads compete for the same rows in the database. They usually (but not necessarily) only happen when trying to update or otherwise lock several rows in different order.

Solving deadlocks is potentially complicated, so here are a few pointers:

• MySQL should always detect the deadlock right when it happens, and will throw an error to one of the offending threads. This error states the SQL statement that this thread was currently waiting for, and that tried to acquire one of the competin...

If your controller spec never reaches your controller code:

1. Make sure you are signed in.

2. Make sure you are actually triggering a request by saying get :edit or something siliar.

3. Know that views are not rendered by default for controller specs unless you tell them to (render_views).
   ^
   describe UsersController do
   describe '#edit' do
   it 'should work' do
   sign_in
   get :edit
   end
   end
   end

   define something like this in your spec_helper.rb:

   def sign_in(user = User....

When a has_many association basically serves to store a list of associated strings (tags, categories, ...), it can be convenient to represent this association as a string array in the containing model. Here is an example for this pattern from the acts-as-taggable-on gem:

post = Post.last
p post.tag_list # ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']
post.tag_list = ['bam']
p post.tag_list # ['bam']

This string array tag_list is magical in several ways:

• It is read from and written to a `has...

When you just went through a long debug-fest and infested your code with dozens of debug messages, it can be hard to find all those calls to puts and p. This note describes a hack that lets you trace those messages in your code.

Let's say you want to get rid of a console message "foobar". Copy the Undebug class below to config/initializers.rb. In the same initializer, type a line:

Undebug.trace_message('foobar')

Now run tests or whatever you need to do to to trigger that message. The console output should look like this:

...

Occasionally some complex query must be processed on the database because building thousands of Ruby objects is impracticable.

Many times you would use scope options, like this:

users = User.scoped(
  :joins => 'INNER JOIN orders joined_orders ON users.id = joined_orders.user_id',
  :conditions => [ 'joined_orders.date BETWEEN ? AND ?', start_date, end_date ],
  :select => '*, SUM(joined_orders.amount) AS amount_sum',
  :group => 'users.id'
)

You get ActiveRecord objects and you can ask each of them about its `amou...

In order to go back one page in your Cucumber tests, you can use the following step definition for Capybara:

When(/^I go back$/) do
  visit page.driver.request.env['HTTP_REFERER']
end

If you're on Webrat, this should work:

When(/^I go back$/) do
  visit request.env["HTTP_REFERER"])
end

An improved version of this step is now part of our gem spreewald on Github.

Plugins (and gems) are typically tested using a complete sample rails application that lives in the spec folder of the plugin. If your gem is supposed to work with multiple versions of Rails, you might want to use to separate apps - one for each rails version.

For best practice examples that give you full coverage with minimal repitition of code, check out our gems has_defaults and assignable_values. In particular, take a look at:

• Multiple `sp...

This step tests whether a given select option comes preselected in the HTML. There is another step to test that an option is available at all.

Capybara

Then /^"([^"]*)" should be selected for "([^"]*)"(?: within "([^\"]*)")?$/ do |value, field, selector|
  with_scope(selector) do
    field_labeled(field).find(:xpath, ".//option[@selected = 'selected'][text() = '#{value}']").should be_present
  end
end

Webrat
...

The following initializer provides an :alias => "my_route_name" option to restful routes in your route.rb. This simply makes the same route also available under a different ..._path / ..._url helpers.

For example,

map.resources :notes, :alias => :snippets

Gives you

notes_path, notes_url, new_note_path... #as always
snippets_path, snippets_url, new_snippet_path... #from the alias

Put this into an initializer:

This note describes a Cucumber step definition that lets you test whether or not a CSS selector is present on the site:

Then I should see an element "#sign_in"
But I should not see an element "#sign_out"

Here is the step definition for Capybara:

Then /^I should (not )?see an element "([^"]*)"$/ do |negate, selector|
  expectation = negate ? :should_not : :should
  page.send(expectation, have_css(selector))
end

Here is the step definition for Webrat:

Then /^I should (not )?see an element "([^"]*)"$/ do |negate...

• Ctrl + R Search commands you entered previously. Press Ctrl + R again to search further back, Ctrl + Shift + R searches forward again.

• Ctrl + W Deletes from the cursor position to the left.

• Ctrl + _ Undo. Yes, this also works with a German keyboard layout.

• Ctrl + L Clear screen.

• Ctrl + D _Close shell. (EOT, just like in many other shells.) Note: if you dove into another shell (e.g. with sudo su username) you will close it and return to ...

Sometimes you inherit a non Rails or non Rack based web app such as PHP, Perl, Java / JEE, etc. I like using cucumber for functional testing so I put together this project structure to use as a starting point for testing non Ruby web based applications.

If a controller action responds to other formats than HTML (XML, PDF, Excel, JSON, ...), you can reach that code in a controller spec like this:

describe UsersController do
  describe '#index' do
    it 'should be able to send an excel file' do
       # stubs and expectations go here
       get :index, :format => 'xls'
    end
  end
end

Remember that both the :format parameter and the HTTP_ACCEPT header can m...

You will need to upgrade to RSpec >= 2 and rspec-rails >= 2 for Rails 3. Here are some hints to get started:

• In RSpec 2 the executable is rspec, not spec.
• RSpec and rspec-rails have been completely refactored internally. All RSpec classes have been renamed from Spec::Something to RSpec::Something. This also means that every require 'spec/something' must now be require 'rspec/something'.
• In spec_helper.rb, Spec::Runner.configure becomes RSpec.configure
• It has become really hard to extend specific example groups ...

If you previously used version 2.x of Thunderbird and upgraded to 3.x (for example through an Ubuntu release upgrade) you might notice that Thunderbird will not show any of your old e-mails or settings.

This results from a different directory being used for storing profiles and configuration.

You can replace the blank profile with your old one like this:
cd ~
mv .thunderbird .thunderbird-invalid
cp -R .mozilla-thunderbird .thunderbird

Upon its next start, Thunderbird brings up the migration wizard introducing you to a few vers...

If you did file operations inside a shell or for example using Nautilus, it can take quite a while until RubyMine takes note of them and updates things like your project tree or its internal file list.

Flushing file system buffers helps you out (run it from a terminal):
sync

This is also possibly via the RubyMine menus: File → Synchronize.

Take care when trying to set attributes to nil in a blueprint.

Given the following master blueprint:
Story.blueprint do
title
author { User.make }
editor { User.make }
end

This approach will not overwrite/remove the editor defined in the master blueprint:
Story.blueprint(:draft) do
editor nil
end

...whereas this one will (note the lambda):
Story.blueprint(:draft) do
editor { nil }
end