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Use option:checked to find the currently selected option: select.querySelector('option:checked') Yes, :checked, not :selected. This is the same...

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TL;DR When using Cache-Control on a Rails application, make sure the Vary: Accept header is set.

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Field error steps Spreewald's The...

...field should have an error and The...

...field should have the error...

...steps now...

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Rails has the handy controller method send_file which lets us download files easily. We can decide whether the file...

It is generally discouraged to load your JavaScript by a tag in the : The reason is that a tag will pause the DOM parser until the script has loaded and executed. This will delay the browser's first contentful paint. A much better default is to load your scripts with a tag: A deferred script has many...

The attached compiler() function below applies JavaScript behavior to matching HTML elements as they enter the DOM. This works like...

Given you have a strict CSP that only allows elements from your own domain: Content-Security-Policy: script-src 'self' This will block JavaScript handlers inlined as attribute into your HTML elements. Clicking on the following link will only log an error with a strict CSP: click me click me Solution 1: Move the handler into your JavaScript The recommended solution is to move the handler from the HTML to the allowed JavaScript file that we loaded via . In the example above we could invent a new [data-alert] attribute with the alert message: click me Then our JavaScript intercepts clicks on elements with that attribute: document.addEventListener('click', function(event) { let link = event.target.closest('[data-alert]') if (link) { let message = link.dataset.alert alert(message) event.preventDefault() } }) Solution 2: Allow that one handler in your CSP Some browsers allow the CSP directive script-src-attr. This lets you allow the hashes of actual JavaScript code. The SHA256 hash of alert('hello') is vIsp2avtxDy0157AryO+jEJVpLdmka7PI7o7C4q5ABE= (in Base64). We can allow this one event handlers like this: Content-Security-Policy: script-src 'self'; script-src-attr 'unsafe-hashes' 'sha256-vIsp2avtxDy0157AryO+jEJVpLdmka7PI7o7C4q5ABE=' Note the sha256- prefix. This event handler now works when clicked: click me But any other script will still be blocked: click me Dealing with legacy browsers Currently (November 2023) about 75% of browsers support script-src-attr. Here is a forward-looking compromise that many users use with new CSP features: Have a liberal CSP with old directives supported by all browsers Make your CSP stricter with new, more specific directives for browsers that support it The CSP spec supports that approach in that using newer, more specific directives disable older, more general features. In our case this means: For old browsers, allow all inline scripts For new browsers, disallow inline scripts but allow inline handlers with given hashes Here is a CSP directive that works like this: Content-Security-Policy: script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; script-src-elem 'self'; script-src-attr 'unsafe-hashes' 'sha256-vIsp2avtxDy0157AryO+jEJVpLdmka7PI7o7C4q5ABE=' Old browsers will only use script-src. New browsers will use script-src-elem (for tags) and script-src-attr (for inline event handlers), which override the more liberal rules from script-src.

Often people need links which are not linked directly, but should trigger execution of JavaScript. ❌ Bad workarounds

The need for clearfix hacks has been greatly reduced since we could layout with Flexbox or CSS Grid.

You can scale background images in CSS to the container size using background-size (Demo). Commonly, we use contain or...