Rails 3, 4, 5, 6
config/application.rb- 
config/environment.rbbefore theinitialize!call (we don't usually edit this file) - The current environment, e.g. 
environments/production.rb - Gems
 - Vendored plugins
 - All initializers in 
config/initializers/*.rb - 
config/environment.rbafter theinitialize!call (we don't usually edit this file) - Your own code from 
app 
Rails 2
- Code in 
config/preinitializer.rb(if it exists) - 
environment.rb, code above theRails::Initializer.runblock (put constants here if you want to override them in environments) - 
environment.rb, theRails::Initializer.runblock - The current environment, e.g. 
environments/production.rb - Gems
 - Vendored plugins
 - All initializers in 
config/initializers/*.rb - Code below the 
Rails::Initializerblock 
Further reading
Consider reading the Rails initialization process guide Show archive.org snapshot for a deep dive into the initialization process.
Posted by Henning Koch to makandra dev (2010-09-07 10:08)