If you have problems installing a gem and get a error collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status it's due to missing development headers of a library (ld is the linker).

For example, with this output:

$ gem install json
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing json:
       ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

   /home/foobar/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.3/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20150915-3539-1i9layj.rb extconf.rb
creating Makefile

make "DESTDIR=" clean

make "DESTDIR="
compiling generator.c
linking shared-object json/ext/generator.so
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgmp
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [generator.so] Error 1

make failed, exit code 2

Gem files will remain installed in /home/foobar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/gems/json-1.8.3 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/foobar/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.3/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.2.0/json-1.8.3/gem_make.out

You can see the linker can't find gmp (/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgmp).

Solution:

search for library with gmp in it:

$ apt-cache search gmp       
libgmp-dev - Multiprecision arithmetic library developers tools
libgmp10 - Multiprecision arithmetic library
libgmp10-doc - Multiprecision arithmetic library example code
libgmp3-dev - Multiprecision arithmetic library developers tools
libgmpxx4ldbl - Multiprecision arithmetic library (C++ bindings)
[...]

check if you have installed the development package (packages with -dev in the name):

$ dpkg -l | grep gmp`
ii  libgmp10:amd64                              2:5.1.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1                               amd64        Multiprecision arithmetic library

If the ...-dev packages are not in the list, install them with sudo apt-get install libgmp-dev libgmp3-dev and after that the gem install json should work.

Kim Klotz

makandra.com

Say thanks2

Last edit

2015-09-15

Kim Klotz

License

Source code in this card is licensed under the MIT License.

How to view Image Metadata on the Linux Command Line with ImageMagick

ImageMagick has a command line tool called identify which can read image metadata:

>identify -verbose DSC00136.JPG
Image: DSC00136.JPG
  Format: JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group JFIF format)
  Class: DirectClass
  Geometry: 5472x3648+...

Fix "subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status ..." when installing/removing/updating a package with apt

If you get an error like:

subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 78

when installing/removing/updating a package with apt you should check the postinst, postrm, prerm, ... script in /var/lib/dpkg/info/...

DNS debug tools

There are several tools for DNS debugging which offer you more or less information. Most of the time the more simple ones, like host oder nslookup will be sufficient.

`host`

simple DNS lookup utility.

>host heise.de
heise.de has addr...

Fix "An error occurred while installing debugger-linecache" with Ruby 1.9.3

You're better off using debugger-ruby_core_source:

gem install debugger-ruby_core_source

If you can't do this, try the following.

Here is how to fix the following error when installing the debugger gem fails:

Gem::Instal...

Ruby: Using the pry debugger in projects with older Ruby versions

In case you want to use pry with an older version of Ruby, you can try the following configurations.

Ruby 1.8.7

Your pry version must not be greater than 0.9.10.

gem 'pry', '=0.9.10'
gem 'ruby-debug',...

Install the typhoeus gem with native extensions

If you get this:

Installing typhoeus (0.3.3) with native extensions
/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/installer.rb:483:in `build_extensions': ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. (Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError)

/usr/bin/rub...

Posted by Kim Klotz to makandra dev (2015-09-15 09:17)

Error installing gem with native extension (collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status)

Related cards:

host

Ruby 1.8.7

`host`