Convert the colorspace of a PDF from RGB to CMYK under Ubuntu Linux
Note that converting from RGB to CMYK will usually degrade your colors because no exact mapping is possible. Anyway, this Stackoverflow post Show archive.org snapshot worked for me:
gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dNOCACHE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite \
-sColorConversionStrategy=CMYK -dProcessColorModel=/DeviceCMYK \
-sOutputFile=output.pdf input.pdf
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