Web technology is a broad field and you cannot be an expert in all aspects.
However, it is useful to have a rough understanding of common terms and buzzwords, so that you don't seem uninformed when talking to a client or other developers.
Get an overview
Search the Internet for each of the following terms. Only take a couple of minutes for each and don't get into too much detail. Do get a rough idea about the advantages they promise.
- 
Continuous IntegrationorCI - 
Single-Page ApplicationorSPA - 
Progressive Web ApplicationorPWA Service Worker- 
Software as a ServiceorSaaS ServerlessReactSvelteVue.jsNode.jsNoSQLGraphQLMicroservicesMonorepoElasticsearch- 
AWSandEC2 CDN- 
Web ComponentsorCustom Elements OAuthSAML2FARedis- 
Docker( good introduction video 🇩🇪 Show archive.org snapshot ) - 
KubernetesorK8s - 
Elixir/Phoenix A/B testingInternet of ThingsBlockchainDevOps- 
Artificial IntelligenceorAIorMachine Learning 
Also read Awesome Cold Showers Show archive.org snapshot .
Discuss a few of these technology with your mentor. Focus your discussion on how the respective technology relates to our daily work as a web development consultancy.
Staying up to date
Below you can find resources to stay up to date. These will only help you if you can build a habit of consuming it periodically, e.g. a blog feed to read on the train or a podcast you can listen to while shopping or cleaning.
See if one of those work for you:
E-mail newsletters
- Release Notes by Working Draft
 - Ruby Weekly Newsletter Show archive.org snapshot
 - Web Development Reading List (WDRL) Show archive.org snapshot
 
Blogs
A good feed reader to subscribe to multiple blogs is Feedly Show archive.org snapshot . It has clients for web and mobile.
- Hey Designer Show archive.org snapshot
 - Web Platform News Show archive.org snapshot
 - TIL by Hashrocket Show archive.org snapshot
 - Hacker News Show archive.org snapshot
 - makandra dev deck
 - CSS-Tricks Show archive.org snapshot
 - CSS Weekly Show archive.org snapshot
 - Smashing Magazine Show archive.org snapshot
 
You can also use Blogtrottr Show archive.org snapshot to receive feeds via email (e.g. as a daily digest).
You can create a Twitter account Show archive.org snapshot just to follow accounts, you don't need to post.
- Hacker News 100 Show archive.org snapshot : Tweeting Hacker News stories as soon as they reach 100 points.
 - @IntentToShip Show archive.org snapshot : Early notifications when browser makers plan a change
 
Podcasts
A good player to subscribe to multiple podcasts is Pocket Casts Show archive.org snapshot . It has free clients for Android and iOS. An 1€/month subscription gives you a web player.
- Working Draft Podcast Show archive.org snapshot
 - INNOQ Podcast Show archive.org snapshot
 - Geekstammtisch Podcast Show archive.org snapshot (with summaries Show archive.org snapshot )
 - Heise SoftwareArchitekTOUR-Podcast Show archive.org snapshot (german)
 - Shop Talk Podcast Show archive.org snapshot
 - The Changelog Podcast Show archive.org snapshot
 - Web Platform Podcast Show archive.org snapshot
 - Software Engineering Radio Show archive.org snapshot