MySQL Server and UTF-8 Defaults

Unless all MySQL server defaults are set to UTF-8, mysqldump encodes UTF-8 characters incorrectly and only outputs correct UTF-8 when you switch to Latin 1 (!). Also you need to setup charset and collation manually for each new database.

To prevent this, make sure your /etc/mysql/my.cnf looks like this:

[mysqld]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

After that do

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart